Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar
1825 - 1893
Lamar graduated from Emory College in 1845 and married Virginia Longstreet, the daughter of Augustus Longstreet, one of Emory’s early presidents. He lived in Oxford and practiced law in Covington in 1852 and became a member of the Georgia House of Representatives in 1853.
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Lamar was a strong advocate for secession. He joined the Confederate Army as a Lieutenant Colonel and helped draft the Mississippi Ordinance of Secession, however after the war he supported the Reconstruction policies of President Grant’s administration.
He later moved to Mississippi where he was elected to the United States House of Representatives from Mississippi’s first congressional district, the first Democrat from Mississippi to sit in the U.S. House of Representatives after the Civil War. Lamar went on to serve as a United States senator from Mississippi, where a combination of patriotic nationalism and partisan objectives became the hallmark of his career.
Under President Grover Cleveland, Lamar became the 16th United States Secretary of the Interior, and in 1888, he was appointed Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court, a position he held until his death in 1893. Lamar was the first justice of southern origin to be appointed to the bench since the Civil War. He was the first of only two men in history to serve in the U.S. House of Representatives, the U.S. Senate, as a member of the President’s Cabinet, and as a justice on
the U.S. Supreme Court (the other was James Byrnes of South Carolina in the 20th century).
the U.S. Supreme Court (the other was James Byrnes of South Carolina in the 20th century).
The 1883-84 Geological Survey cites the east fork of the Yellowstone River in Yellowstone National Park as the Lamar River, an honor bestowed on Lucius Lamar by the geologist Arnold Hague. Subsequently, other park features, such as the Lamar Valley, are derived from this original honor. Additional honors include three United States counties being named after him, one each in Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi.
Lucius Lamar also has the distinction of being the only person from the southeast to be featured in John F. Kennedy’s Profiles in Courage, first for his moving eulogy in 1874 for Massachusetts Senator Charles Sumner, who was reviled in the South, then for his support of the findings of a partisan congressional committee regarding the disputed 1876 presidential election, and lastly, for his unpopular vote against the controversial Bland-Allison Act of 1878, an act requiring the U.S. Treasury to buy a certain amount of silver and put it into circulation in the form of silver dollars.
Lucius Lamar also has the distinction of being the only person from the southeast to be featured in John F. Kennedy’s Profiles in Courage, first for his moving eulogy in 1874 for Massachusetts Senator Charles Sumner, who was reviled in the South, then for his support of the findings of a partisan congressional committee regarding the disputed 1876 presidential election, and lastly, for his unpopular vote against the controversial Bland-Allison Act of 1878, an act requiring the U.S. Treasury to buy a certain amount of silver and put it into circulation in the form of silver dollars.
Lamar died in Vineville, Georgia on January 23, 1893 and was interred at the Riverside Cemetery in Macon, Georgia, however he was re-interred in St. Peter’s Cemetery in Oxford, Mississippi in 1894.
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Political Cartoons Featuring
Lucius Lamar
The following political cartoons are courtesy of the National Archives. All information on the images is provided courtesy of the National Archives website.
• Title: The Democratic smithy - odd shoes for the mule / Gillam.
• Creator(s): Gillam, Bernhard, 1856-1896, artist
• Date Created/Published: N.Y. : Published by Keppler & Schwarzmann, 1883 June 20.
• Medium: 1 print : chromolithograph.
• Summary: Illustration shows the interior of a blacksmith's shop where Samuel Randall, Abram Hewitt, and Benjamin Butler are putting oversized shoes labeled "Protection, Free Trade, [and] Incidental Tariff" on a mule labeled "Democracy"; Henry Watterson works on a shoe labeled "Western Policy" and Thomas Bayard reaches for a shoe labeled "Elastic Policy"; in the right foreground, Charles A. Dana is cooling rods labeled "MacDonald Boom, Hancock, Grace, Hendricks, [and] Tilden"; at the furnace are Grover Cleveland, Lucius Q.C. Lamar, and "Robbinson" with irons labeled "Business Principles, Southern Policy, Tariff for Rev. [and] Dodge Policy" in the fire; and in the background on the right are John Kelly, Joseph Pulitzer, and Oswald Ottendorfer operating the "Dem. Press Bellows" for the "N.Y. World, N.Y. Star, [and] Staatszeitung". Puck sits on top of a wall in the upper left, next to a notice that states "Tariff Tinkering Done Here".
• Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-ppmsca-28399 (digital file from original print)
• Rights Advisory: No known restrictions on publication.
• Call Number: Illus. in AP101.P7 1883 (Case X) [P&P]
• Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
• Notes:
o Title from item.
o Illus. from Puck, v. 13, no. 328, (1883 June 20), centerfold.
o Copyright 1883 by Keppler & Schwarzmann.
• Title: Compulsory baptism / Gillam after a painting.
• Creator(s): Gillam, Bernhard, 1856-1896, artist
• Date Created/Published: N.Y. : Published by Keppler & Schwarzmann, 1885 March 11.
• Medium: 1 print : chromolithograph.
• Summary: Illustration shows President Cleveland as Ferdinand V, sitting on a throne, observing as civil service office seekers are baptized at the font of "Civil Service Reform". Among those depicted are Thomas Hendricks, Charles A. Dana, Thomas F. Grady, "Barnum", George H. Sterling(?), John Kelly, L.Q.C. Lamar, Thomas F. Bayard, "Pendleton", "Carlisle", George W. Curtis, Carl Schurz, and Grover Cleveland.
• Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-ppmsca-28177 (digital file from original print)
• Rights Advisory: No known restrictions on publication.
• Call Number: Illus. in AP101.P7 1885 (Case X) [P&P]
• Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
• Notes:
o Title from item.
o Caption: In 1500, after the conquest of Granada, Ferdinand V. compelled the vanquished Moors to submit to the rite of Baptism.
o Illus. from Puck, v. 17, no. 418, (1885 March 11), centerfold.
o Copyright 1885 by Keppler & Schwarzmann.
• Title: He missed the chair, but he has the floor / Gillam.
• Creator(s): Gillam, Bernhard, 1856-1896, artist
• Date Created/Published: N.Y. : Published by Keppler & Schwarzmann, 1883 December 5.
• Medium: 1 print : chromolithograph.
• Summary: Print shows Samuel S. Cox, as a court jester, booted off a podium by a man sitting in the "Speaker's Chair" in a congressional chamber, and about to land on the floor; he is holding a stick with balloons attached labeled "Jokes, Witticisms, [and] Sarcasm", and a book "by S.S. Cox" titled "Why We Laugh" (possibly the new and enlarged 1880 edition of his book first published in 1876) drops to the floor next to him. In the upper right, looking on approvingly, are members of Congress, Allen G. Thurman and Lucius Q.C. Lamar among them.
• Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-ppmsca-28447 (digital file from original print)
• Rights Advisory: No known restrictions on publication.
• Call Number: Illus. in AP101.P7 1883 (Case X) [P&P]
• Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
• Notes:
o Title from item.
o Illus. from Puck, v. 14, no. 352, (1883 December 5), cover.
o Copyright 1883 by Keppler & Schwarzmann.
• Title: Let the political army have new drums also! / Gillam.
• Creator(s): Gillam, Bernhard, 1856-1896, artist
• Date Created/Published: N.Y. : Published by Keppler & Schwarzmann, 1883 February 14.
• Medium: 1 print : chromolithograph.
• Summary: Illustration shows Ulysses S. Grant with his "Grant Boom" band comprised of Samuel J. Tilden, Lucius Q.C. Lamar, Roscoe Conkling, William W. Phelps, David Davis, James D. Cameron, John Sherman, James G. Blaine, John Kelly, Winfield Scott Hancock, William Mahone, and John Logan; most carry drums that are broken or in disrepair. Across the street, in front of the "Political Armory", Puck is operating a makeshift stand, issuing "New Drums for Old Drums"; Benjamin F. Butler kicks away his old drum labeled "Butlers Old Policies" and is getting a new drum labeled "Civil Service Reform", Brooklyn Mayor Seth Low and Grover Cleveland are trying out new drums labeled "Independence" and "Civil Service Reform"; other new drums are labeled "Tariff Reform, Political Honesty, Anti-Monopoly, Honesty, [and] For the People".
• Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-ppmsca-28363 (digital file from original print)
• Rights Advisory: No known restrictions on publication.
• Call Number: Illus. in AP101.P7 1883 (Case X) [P&P]
• Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
• Notes:
o Title from item.
o Caption: The U.S. Army is to have new drums. In their day the old drums did good service. Now they must retire and give place to better drums. Phila. Record.
o Illus. from Puck, v. 12, no. 310, (1883 February 14), centerfold.
o Copyright 1883 by Keppler & Schwarzmann.
• Title: A moment of anxiety - who is going to get left? / Gillam.
• Creator(s): Gillam, Bernhard, 1856-1896, artist
• Date Created/Published: N.Y. : Published by Keppler & Schwarzmann, 1884 December 24.
• Medium: 1 print : chromolithograph.
• Summary: Illustration shows President Cleveland as Santa Claus standing in front of a fireplace where stockings are hung from the mantle; he has a large sack of toys labeled "Navy, Treasury, Interior, Justice, State, [and] War Dept." on his back and there is a cat that looks like John Kelly at his feet. Watching from around the room are "Bayard, Randall, Cox, Barnum, McDonald, Slocum, Lamar, Morrison, [Garland], Tilden, Carlisle, Hewitt, Watterson, [and] Thurman", and asleep in a cradle labeled "Independence" is either Carl Schurz or Joseph Pulitzer.
• Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-ppmsca-28261 (digital file from original print)
• Rights Advisory: No known restrictions on publication.
• Call Number: Illus. in AP101.P7 1884 (Case X) [P&P]
• Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
• Notes:
o Title from item.
o Illus. from Puck, v. 16, no. 407, (1884 December 24), centerfold.
o Copyright 1884 by Keppler & Schwarzmann.
• Title: Our government farm -- President Cleveland finds an effectual protection against the twenty-five-year locusts / Zimmerman.
• Creator(s): Zimmerman, Eugene, 1862-1935, artist
• Date Created/Published: N.Y. : Published by Keppler & Schwarzmann, 1885 September 2.
• Medium: 1 print : chromolithograph.
• Summary: Illustration shows President Cleveland stands directly behind a wall of flames labeled "Civil Service Reform"; behind him, working on the "Government Farm" are members of his cabinet, William C. Endicott with a hoe, Lucius Q.C. Lamar kneeling before a newly planted tree, Thomas F. Bayard working on a tree labeled "State Department", Daniel Manning holding a pot labeled "Treasury", Augustus H. Garland with a shovel, William C. Whitney adding supports to a tree labeled "Navy Department", and William F. Vilas with a watering can. In the foreground, locusts driven back by the smoke and overcome by the fumes lie on the ground and are about to be consumed by the flames, these include "Kelly, Dugro, Voorhees, Blackburn, McLean, Dana, Butler, H.O. Thompson, Chenowith, Higgins, [and] Aquila Jones". Two that seem unaffected are labeled "Hendricks" carrying a banner that states "To the Victors belong the Spoils" and "McLoughlin" [sic].
• Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-ppmsca-28123 (digital file from original print)
• Rights Advisory: No known restrictions on publication.
• Call Number: Illus. in AP101.P7 1885 (Case X) [P&P]
• Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
Notes:
• Title from item.
• Illus. from Puck, v. 18, no. 443, (1885 September 2), centerfold.
• Copyright 1885 by Keppler & Schwarzmann.
• Title: The rehabilitation of the Democratic party / Gillam.
• Creator(s): Gillam, Bernhard, 1856-1896, artist
• Date Created/Published: N.Y. : Published by Keppler & Schwarzmann, 1885 April 15.
• Medium: 1 print : chromolithograph.
• Summary: Illustration shows a scene inside "Cleveland's Clothing Establishment" where President Cleveland and Thomas F. Bayard are fitting a man labeled "Reform Democracy" with the "Thos. Jefferson Pattern", while cabinet members Lucius Q.C. Lamar, William C. Whitney, Daniel Manning, [and] Augustus H. Garland measure, cut, and sew fabric labeled "Justice, Anti-Silver Swindle, New Navy, [and] Honest Administration, Interior Department" on the left side of the shop. A sign on the wall states "No Over-Charging nor Double-Dealing" and a poster shows the "Spring 1885 Styles". Just outside the door is an old man reaching in to grab discarded rags labeled "Spoils System, Old Record, Fraud" and a shillelagh labeled "Rowdy Influence" to place in his cart labeled "G.O. Rep. Party. Highest Price Paid for Castoff Clo's".
• Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-ppmsca-28189 (digital file from original print)
• Rights Advisory: No known restrictions on publication.
• Call Number: Illus. in AP101.P7 1885 (Case X) [P&P]
• Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
Notes:
• Title from item.
• Caption: The new suit (on the Jeffersonian Pattern) doesn't quite fit yet; but we hope he will grow up to it.
• Illus. from Puck, v. 17, no. 423, (1885 April 15), centerfold.
• Copyright 1885 by Keppler & Schwarzmann.
• Title: The resistless march of reform - the "hostiles" must go! / F. Opper.
• Creator(s): Opper, Frederick Burr, 1857-1937, artist
• Date Created/Published: N.Y. : Published by Keppler & Schwarzmann, 1885 August 12.
• Medium: 1 print : chromolithograph.
• Summary: Illustration shows a large group of politicians, newspaper editors, Tammany Hall bosses, and others, dressed as Native Americans, one carrying a banner that shows a crude drawing of the Tammany(?) tiger labeled "Flathead Tribe", on a long march in opposition to President Cleveland's civil service reform agenda; in the upper left corner is the "Blainiac Reservation" and in the opposite corner is Cleveland and his cabinet laying tracks for the "Reform R.R.", keeping ahead of the "Administration Construction Train". In the foreground, Vice President Thomas A. Hendricks is leading the Democratic donkey labeled "Bourbonism", carrying two baskets, one with "Old Ideas" and the other labeled "The Perennial Pappooses" holding Charles A. Dana and Benjamin F. Butler. Standing just to the right is John Kelly carrying Philip H. Dugro in a cradleboard.
• Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-ppmsca-28223 (digital file from original print)
• Rights Advisory: No known restrictions on publication.
• Call Number: Illus. in AP101.P7 1885 (Case X) [P&P]
• Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
• Notes:
o Title from item.
o Illus. from Puck, v. 17, no. 440, (1885 August 12), centerfold.
o Copyright 1885 by Keppler & Schwarzmann.
• Creator(s): Gillam, Bernhard, 1856-1896, artist
• Date Created/Published: N.Y. : Published by Keppler & Schwarzmann, 1884 April 2.
• Medium: 1 print : chromolithograph.
• Summary: Illustration shows Samuel J. Tilden as Moses with two rays of light emitting from his forehead, standing with his back to a mountainside where some rocks look like barrels labeled with "$", and a sign that states "This Stream Stopped Running in November 1876". He is confronted by a group of parched (for funds) political aspirants labeled "Hewitt, Watterson, Dana, [Hendricks], Cox, Bayard, Randall, N.Y. Democracy, [Kelly], Payne, Lamar, [and] Thurman", also, one man holding a jug labeled "For Campaign Funds". They implore him to strike the rocks and make the money flow.
• Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-ppmsca-28307 (digital file from original print)
• Rights Advisory: No known restrictions on publication.
• Call Number: Illus. in AP101.P7 1884 (Case X) [P&P]
• Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
• Notes:
o Title from item.
o Illus. from Puck, v. 15, no. 369, (1884 April 2), centerfold.
o Copyright 1884 by Keppler & Schwarzmann.
• Title: Columbus Cleveland and his mutinous crew - "This ship shall not turn back!" / Gillam.
• Creator(s): Gillam, Bernhard, 1856-1896, artist
• Date Created/Published: N.Y. : Published by Keppler & Schwarzmann, 1885 November 4.
• Medium: 1 print : chromolithograph.
• Summary: Illustration shows Grover Cleveland as Christopher Columbus holding a map labeled "Route to Reform", aboard ship surrounded by mutinous sailors labeled "Bayard, Whitney, Eustis, Sterling, Hedden, Pulitzer, Blackburn, Hill, McLaughlin, Jones, Thompson, Gorman, Grady" and unidentified are Thomas A. Hendricks, John Kelly, Lucius Q.C. Lamar, and Charles A. Dana. A bird arrives from the left carrying a piece of paper that states "From Land of Reform".
• Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-ppmsca-28141 (digital file from original print)
• Rights Advisory: No known restrictions on publication.
• Call Number: Illus. in AP101.P7 1885 (Case X) [P&P]
• Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
Notes:
• Title from item.
• Illus. from Puck, v. 18, no. 452, (1885 November 4), centerfold.
• Copyright 1885 by Keppler & Schwarzmann.